the separation of forces which would result from the withdrawal of the Nicaraguan Government's forces from the security zones which were to be established in Nicaragua
to facilitate the demobilization of the members of the Nicaraguan resistance. These tasks, he added, would constitute an addition to the mandate of the Observer Group and therefore require the approval of the Council. As he had indicated in informal consultations of the Council, the Secretary-General stated that he believed that the agreements signed at Managua constituted an important step forward in the Central American peace process and, accordingly, he recommended that the Council approve the necessary enlargement of the mandate of the Observer
Group.

Reaffirming its resolutions 644 (1989) of 7 November 1989 and 650 ( 1990) of 27 March 1990,
1. Approves the proposals concerning the addition of new tasks to the mandate of the United Nations Observer Group in Central America contained in the letter of the Secre.tary-General of 19 April 199084 and in his statement;87
2. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council on all aspects of the operations of the Observer Group before the expiry of the current mandate period on 7 May 1990.
Adopted unanimously at the 2919th meeting.

In another letter dated 19 April1990S~ addressed to the President of the Council for the attention of the members of the Council, the Secretary-General referred to his report of 15 March 1990,79 which had been approved by the Council in its resolution 650 (1990) of 27 March 1990. In paragraph 11 of that report, he had indicated that he had asked certain Member States to contribute the 119 additional military observers which were required to cover the shortfall in phase Ill of the deployment of the Observer Group and to permit the early deployment of phase IV. He stated that, in addition to an offer of 13 additional observers from one of the existing contributing Governments, he had received offers from the Governments of Brazil, Ecuador, India and Sweden to contribute a total of 85 military observers and the decision of a fifth Member State was awaited. Having consulted the Governments of the five countries in which the Observer Group was deployed, he proposed to accept the offers. In a letter dated 10 April1990,86 the President ofthe Council informed the Secretary-General as follows:
"I have the honour to inform you that your letter dated 19 April1990 concerning the composition of the United Nations Observer Group in Central America8~ has been brought to the attention of the members of the Council. They have considered the matter and agreed to the proposal in your letter."
At its 2919th meeting, on 20 April 1990, the Council proceeded with the discussion of the item entitled "Central America: efforts towards peace".

Resolution 653 (1990)
of 20 April 1990

The Security Council,
Having examined the letter addressed to the President of the Council by the Secretary-General on 19 April 199()84 concerning the United Nations Observer Group in Central America, as well as his statement of the same date to the members of the Security Council in which he briefed them on the agreements signed at Managua that day,87 which en-.:isage the complete demobilization of the Nicaraguan reststance by the Observer Group during the period from 25 April to 10 June 1990,

8~ S/21261.

86
87

S/21262. S/21259,

annex.

Decision
At its 2921st meeting, on 4 May 1990, the Council discussed the item entitled "Central America: efforts towards peace-report of the Secretary-General (S/21274 and Add.1)". 88

Resolution 654 (1990)
of4 May 1990

The Security Council,
Recalling its resolutions 637 (1989) of27 July 1989, 644 (1989) of7 November 1989,650 (1990) of27 March 1990 and 653 (1990) of 20 April 1990, as well as the statement made by the President of the Council on its behalf on 7 November 1989,89
Recalling the initial agreement reached at Geneva on 4 April 1990 by the parties to the conflict in El Salvador, under the auspices of the Secretary-General,
1. Approves the report of the Secretary-General of 27 April and 2 May 1990;90
2. Decides to extend, under its authority, the mandate of the United Nations Observer Group in Central America as defined in resolutions 644 (1989), 650 (1990) and 653 (1990), for a further period of six months, that is, until 7 November 1990, on the understanding, as expressed by the Secretary-General in his report,91 that the tasks of the Observer Group of monitoring the cease-fire and separation of forces in Nicaragua and demobilizing members of the Nicaraguan resistance will lapse with the completion of the demobilization process, not later than 10 June 1990, and bearing in mind the need to continue to monitor expenditures carefully during this period of increasing demands on peace-keeping resources;
3. Welcomes the efforts of the Secretary-General to promote the achievement of a negotiated political solution to the conflict in El Salvador;
4. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council fully informed of further developments and to

88 Sec Official Records of the Security Council, Forty-fifth Year,

Su8p9pSleemc enRtefsoorluAtipornils,

May and June 1990. and Decisions of the

Security

Council,

1989,

p. 21.

90 Official Records of the Security Council, Forty-fifth Year, Supple-

me9n1 t

j(Jr April, May and June Ibid., document S/21274,

1990, para.

documents 34.

S/21274

and

Add.l.

15

report on all aspects of the operations of the Observer Group before the expiry of the current mandate period and in particular to report to the Council not later than 10 June 1990 concerning the completion of the demobilization process.
Adopted unanimously at the 292lst meeting.
Decisions

the Organization of American States, who shares responsibilities with the Secretary-General of the United Nations as regards the operations of the International Support and Verification Commission."
At its 2927th meeting, on 8 June 1990, the Council discussed the item entitled "Central America: efforts towards peace-reports of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Observer Group in Central America (S/21341 and S/21349)".88

At its 2922nd meeting, on 23 May 1990, the Council proceeded with the discussion of the item entitled "Central America: efforts towards peace"

Resolution 656 (1990)
of 8 June 1990

At the same meeting, following consultations with the members ofthe Council, the President made the following statement on behalf of the Council:92
"The members of the Council recall that the Council, in conformity with its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, has supported the Central American peace process from the outset. This has resulted in its decision to set up the United Nations Observer Group for Central America, whose mandate it subsequently enlarged and reaffirmed on two occasions.
"The members of the Council also recall the decision taken by the Council in its resolution 654 (1990) of 4 May 1990 to extend the mandate of the Observer Group until 7 November 1990 on the understanding that its tasks of monitoring the cease-fire and separation of forces in Nicaragua and demobilizing members of the resistance would lapse with the completion of the demobilization process, not later than 10 June 1990.
"The members of the Council, taking note of the report of the Secretary-General90 and fully supporting his efforts, express their concern at the slow pace of the demobilization process during its first two weeks. It is clear that the process must be accelerated if the deadline of 10 June set for its completion is to be met.
"In the light of the foregoing, the members of the Council call on the resistance to meet fully and urgently the commitments it made in agreeing to demobilize. They also support the Government of Nicaragua in its efforts to facilitate, by taking the necessary steps, timely demobilization and urge it to continue such efforts. They also call on all others with influence in this matter to take action to ensure that demobilization now proceeds in accordance with the agreements entered into by the Nicaraguan parties, and in particular to ensure that the 10 June deadline is respected.
"The members of the Council request the SecretaryGeneral, through a senior representative, to continue to observe the situation on the ground first-hand and to report to the Council by 4 June.
"The members of the Council request the SecretaryGeneral to convey the Council's position to the five Central American Presidents.

The Security Council,
Recalling its resolution 654 (1990) of 4 May 1990 and the statement made by the President of the Council on its behalf on 23 May92 concerning the United Nations Observer Group in Central America,
Expressing its concern that the process of demobilization has not yet been fully completed, although progress is now being made after the removal of obstacles that prevented the conclusion ofthe demobilization process on 10 June 1990, as stipulated in resolution 654 (1990),
Having studied the report submitted by the SecretaryGeneral on 4 June 199093 as well as his statement of 8 June to the members of the Council,94
1. Decides that the tasks of the United Nations Observer Group in Central America of monitoring the ceasefire and separation of forces in Nicaragua and demobilizing members of the Nicaraguan resistance shall be extended, on the understanding, as recommended by the Secretary-General,95 that those tasks will lapse with the completion of the demobilization process, not later than 29 June 1990;
2. Urges all those directly involved in the demobilization process to take all necessary measures to maintain and, if possible, increase the rate of demobilization so as to complete it, at the latest, on the date specified in paragraph 1 above;
3. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council fully informed of further developments and in particular to report to it not later than 29 June 1990 concerning the completion of the demobilization process.
Adopted unanimously at the 2927th meeting.
Decisions
In a letter dated 29 August 1990 addressed to the President of the Security Council,96 the Secretary-General referred to the negotiations which were under way between the Government of El Salvador and the Frente Farabundo Marti para la Liberaci6n Nacional under his auspices. He stated that he had informed the Council in his statement in

"The members of the Council also request the Secretary-General to convey the Council's concerns about the situation described above to the Secretary-General of
92 S/21331.

93 Official Records of the Security Council. Forty-fifth Year, Supple-
ment for April. May and June 1990, document S/21341. 94 Jhid., document S/21349. 95 Jhid., para. I!. 96 S/21717.

16

