Noting with deep anxiety and indignation that the South African racist regime has continued violence and massive repression against the black people and all opponents of apartheid in defiance of the resolutions of the Security Council,
Gravely concerned over reports of torture of political prisoners and the deaths of a number of detainees, as well as the mounting wave of repression against individuals, organizations and the news media since 19 October 1977,
Convinced that the violence and repression by the South African racist regime have greatly aggravated the situation in South Africa and will certainly lead to violent conflict and racial conflagration with serious international repercussions,
Reaffirming its recognition of the legitimacy of the struggle of the South African people for the elimination of apartheid and racial discrimination,
Affirming the right to the exercise of self-determination by all the people of South Africa as a whole, irrespective of race, colour or creed,
Mindful of its responsibilities under the Charter of the United Nations for the maintenance of international peace and security,
1. Strongly condemns the South African racist regime for its resort to massive violence and repression against the black people, who constitute the great majority of the country, as well as all other opponents of apartheid;
2. Expresses its support for, and solidarity with, all those struggling for the elimination of apartheid and racial discrimination and all victims of violence and repression by the South African racist regime;
3. Demands that the racist regime of South Africa:
(a) End violence and repression against the black people and other opponents of apartheid;
(b) Release all persons imprisoned under arbitrary security laws and all those detained for their opposition to apartheid;
(c) Cease forthwith its indiscriminate violence against peaceful demonstrators against apartheid, murders in detention and torture of political prisoners;
(d) Abrogate the bans on organizations and the news media opposed to apartheid;
(e) Abolish the "Bantu education" system and all other measures of apartheid and racial discrimination;
(f) Abolish the policy of bantustanization, abandon the policy of apartheid and ensure majority rule based on justice and equality;
4. Requests all Governments and organizations to t~ke all appropriate measures to secure the implementatiOn of paragraph 3 of the present resolution;
5. Further requests all Governments and organizations to contribute generously for assistance to the victims of violence and repression, including educational assistance to student refugees from South Africa;
6. Requests the Secretary-General, in co-operation with the Special Committee against Apartheid, to follow the situation and report to the Security Council, as appropriate, on the implementation of the present resolu-

tion, and to submit a tirst report not later than 17 February 1978.
Adopted unanimously at the 2045th mectinr:.
Resolution 418 (1977)
of 4 November 1977
Tlte Security Council,
R eca!ling its resolution 392 ll976) of 19 June 1976. strongly condemning the South African Government for its resort to massive violence against and killings of the African people, including schoolchildren and students and others opposing racial discrimination, and calling upon that Government urgently to end violence against the African people and to take urgent steps to eliminate apartheid and raci:.ll discrimination,
Recognizing that the military build-up by South Africa and its persistent acts of aggression against the neighbouring Slates seriously disturb the security of those States,
Further recognizing that the existing arms embargo must be strengthened and universally applied, without any reservations or qualifications whatsoever, in order to prevent a further <~ggravation of the grave situation in South Africa,
Takinr; note of the Lagos Declaration (or Action against Apartheid,w
Gravely concerned that South Africa is at the threshold of producing nuclear weapons,
Strongly condemning the South African Government for its acts of repression, its defiant continuance of the system of apartheid and its attacks against neighbouring independent States,
Considering that the policies and acts of the South African Government are fraught with danger to international peace and security,
Recalling its resolution 181 (1963) of 7 August 1963 and other resolutions concerning a voluntary arms embargo against South Africa,
Com·inccd that a mandatory arms embargo needs to he universally applied against South Africa in the first instance.
Acting therefore under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
I. Determines, having regard to the policies and acts of the South African Government, that the acquisition by South Africa of arms and related materiel constitutes a threat to the maintenance of international peace and security;
2. Decides that all States shall cease forthwith any provision to South Africa of arms and related mat£;riel of all types, including the sale or transfer of weapons and ammunition, military vehicles and equipment, paramilitary police equipment, and spare parts for the aforementioned, and shall cease as well the provision of all
1" United Nation~ publication, Sales No. E.77.XIV.2, sect. X.

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types of equipment and supplies and grants of licensing arrangements for the manufacture or maintenance of the aforementioned;
3. Calls upon all States to review, having regard to the objectives of the present resolution, all existing contractual arrangements with and licences granted to South Africa relating to the manufacture and maintenance of arms, ammunition of all types and military equipment and vehicles, with a view to terminating them;
4. Further decides that all States shall refrain from any co-operation with South Africa in the manufacture and development of nuclear weapons;
5. Calls upon all States, including States non-members of the United Nations, to act strictly in accordance with the provisions of the present resolution;
6. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council on the progress of the implementation of the present resolution, the first report to be submitted not later than 1 May 1978;
7. Decides to keep this item on its agenda for further action, as appropriate, in the light of developments.
Adopted unanimously at the 204otlt meetin[!.
Decisions
At its 2052nd meeting, on 9 December 1977, the Council decided to invite the representatives of Saudi Arabia and the United Republic of Cameroon to participate, without vote, in the discussion of the item entitled "The question of South Africa: letter dated 5 December 1977 from the Permanent Representative of the United Republic of Cameroon to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council (S/12470)".17
At the same meeting, the Council also decided, at the request of the representatives of Benin, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya and Mauritius,18 to extend an invitation to Mr. M. J. Makatini under rule 39 of the provisional rules of procedure.

Recalling its resolution 418 ( 1977) of 4 November 1977, in which it determined, having regard to the policies and acts of the South African Government, that the acquisition by South Africa of arms and related materiel constituted a threat to the maintenance of international peace and security and established a mandatory arm,. embargo against South Africa,
Mindful of the need to have appropriate machinery in order to examine the progress of implementation of the measures envisaged in resolution 418 ( 1977),
Noting that it requested the Secretary-General to report to the Council on the progress of the implementation of n:solution 41 8 ( 1977),
1. Decides to establish, in accordance with rule 28 of its provisional rules of procedure, a Committee of the Security Council, consisting of all the members of the Council, to undertake the following tasks and to report on its work to the Council with its observations und recommendations:
(a) To examine the report on the progre!'s of the implementation of resolution 418 ( 1977) which will be submitted by the Secretary-General;
(b) To study ways and means by which the mandatory arms embargo could be made more e!Tcctiw against South Africa and to make recommendations to the Council;
(c) To seek from all States further information regarding the action taken by them concerning the effective implementation of the provisions laid down in resolution 418 (1977) ;
2. Calls upon all States to co-operate fully with the Committee in regard to the fulfilment of its tasks concerning the effective implementation of the provisions of resolution 418 (1977) and to supply such information as may be sought by the Committee in pursuance of the present resolution;
3. Requests the Secretary-General to provide all necessary assistance to the Committee and to make the necessary arrangements in the Secretariat for that purpose, including the provision of appropriate staff for the servicing of the Committee.
Adopted unanimously at the 2052nd meeting.

Resolution 421 (1977) of 9 December 1977
The Security Council,
17 See Oficial Records of the Security Council, Thirty-second Year, Supplement for October, November and December 1977.
IBJbid., document S/12480.

Decision
At its 2053rd meeting, on 9 December 1977, the Council decided to extend an invitation, under rule 39 of the provisional rules of procedure, to the Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid.

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